Sport is any physical activity that involves a series of rules or norms to be performed within a given space or area (playing field, court, track, etc.) often associated with sporting competitiveness. Generally it must be institutionalized (federations, clubs), requires competition with oneself or with others. As a solitary term, sport usually refers to activities in which the physical lung capacity of the competitor is the primary way to determine the outcome (win or lose); however, competitive activities that combine both physical and intellectual, and not just one of them, are also recognized as sports. There are also groups of practitioners of certain activities, where only the physical or only the intellect is used, who claim their activity as a sport, even as an Olympic sport.
Although the terms sport and physical activity/fitness are often confused, in reality they do not mean exactly the same thing. The difference lies in the competitive nature of the former, as opposed to the mere fact of practicing the latter.
Popularly, the word "sport" is used to indicate an activity that provides its practitioners with physical health. Thus, the medical recommendation for most diseases, physical, emotional and psychological problems, as well as for the prevention of all of the above, is usually to practice sports or some kind of activity.
Keywords: Training, strength, flexibility
The sport is any physical activity that involves a series of rules or norms to play within a certain space or area (field, court, track, etc.) often associated with competitive sports. Usually should be institutionalized (federations, clubs), requires competition with oneself or with others. As lone term , sport usually refers to activities where the physical capabilities of the competitor lung is the primary way in determining the outcome ( winning or losing ) , but are also recognized as competitive sports activities that combine physical and intellect , not just one. There are also practitioners of certain collective activities, where only the physical is used, or only the intellect, claiming its activity as a sport, even Olympic character.
Although the terms often sport and physical / fitness activity are confused, they do not really mean exactly the same. The difference lies in the competitive nature of the first, against the mere practice of the second.
Popularly, the word 'sport' is used to indicate an activity that provides physical health practitioners. Thus, the medical recommendation for many of illnesses, physical, emotional and psychological problems, as well as for the prevention of the above, usually sports or some activity.
Keywords: Training, force, flexibility
Sports can be divided into:
Ball: in these, the ball is the most important element and acts as a reference point that polarizes the sides. The ball is so important that the players concentrate more on the ball than on the players of the opposing team and it is based on this that the plays are classified as defensive or offensive. Some of the sports that can be mentioned in this category are tennis, soccer, basketball, volleyball and handball, among others.
Combat: in these sports, which are contact sports, opponents face each other in order to hit or knock each other down. To do so, they use techniques such as striking, grappling and weapons. This category includes fencing, boxing and mixed martial arts, among others.
Athletic: in these sports, the point of reference is neither the ball nor the opponent, as in the two previous cases, but the participant's own effort. The participant seeks to perform as well as possible in order to obtain good results. Some examples of this kind of sports are: swimming, athletics in all its variants and gymnastics.
Contact with nature: in this type of sport, the player tries to overcome different obstacles generated by nature itself, whether snow, water, fauna, or others. This category includes sports such as skiing, surfing, hunting and mountaineering.
Mechanical: in these sports, machines are presented as objects and subjects, as an extension of the player's body, from which the player tries to obtain maximum performance. These sports include motorcycling, automobilism, cycling, etc.
Sports share a high degree of affinity with art. Disciplines such as artistic ice skating or tai chi are sports very close to artistic performances in themselves. Traditional activities such as gymnastics and yoga, or more recent ones such as bodybuilding, tricking and parkour also share elements of sport with artistic elements.
The fact that art is so close to sport in some situations is probably related to the nature of sports. The definition of sport establishes the idea of executing an activity not just for the usual purpose; for example, not running just to get somewhere, but running of one's own free will, in order to maintain physical fitness.
This is similar to a common view of aesthetics, which looks at objects beyond their utility. For example, we value a car not for its ability to get us from one place to another, but for its shape, form, and so on. Similarly, a sporting activity such as jumping is valued not only as an effective way of avoiding obstacles; skill, dexterity and style also count.
Sport has a great influence on society; its importance in culture and in the construction of national identity stands out in a remarkable way. On a practical level, sport has tangible and predominantly positive effects in the areas of education, the economy and public health.
In the educational field, sport plays a role in transmitting values to children, adolescents and even adults. In conjunction with physical activity, values of respect, responsibility, commitment and dedication, among others, are instilled, serving a process of socialization and involvement in the improvement of social structures and attitudes. Sport helps to establish social relationships between different people and different cultures and thus contributes to instilling the notion of respect for others, teaching how to compete constructively, without making antagonism an end in itself. Another important social value in sport is learning how to win and how to recognize defeat without sacrificing goals and objectives.
In the economic section, the influence of sports is unquestionable, due to the number of people who practice sports as well as those who enjoy them as mass spectacles, making sports important businesses that finance athletes, agents, media, tourism and also, indirectly, other sectors of the economy.
The practice of sport also improves the well-being and quality of life of society due to the beneficial effects of physical activity on both physical and emotional health; people who practice sport and other non-sedentary activities on a regular basis tend to feel more satisfied and experience, subjectively, greater well-being.
The phenomenon of sport as a representation of society may explain its importance as a spectacle. In this role, sporting events serve to affirm the value and physical prowess not only of the players, but also of the community they represent. It is common for results in international competitions to be interpreted as a validation of the culture and even the political system of the country the athletes represent. This aspect of sport can have negative effects, such as outbreaks of violence during or after competitions. On the other hand, sport is seen as a means to reduce violence and crime in society.
Health. Technology is present from nutrition to injury treatment, increasing the athlete's potential. Contemporary athletes are able to practice sport at older ages, recover more quickly from injuries and train more effectively than in previous generations. A negative aspect of the technology applied to sport is the design and consumption of doping substances, which improve the athlete's performance to very high levels, sometimes even seriously affecting the athlete's health, causing irreversible damage to the body or even death. For this reason, in a large number of sports, these substances are banned by the various sports regulatory bodies at the professional level, and their use may lead to disqualification or disqualification of the offender.
Instruction. Advances in technology have created new opportunities in sports research. It is now possible to analyze aspects of sport that were previously beyond our understanding. Techniques such as motion capture and computer simulations have increased knowledge about athletes' actions and how they can be improved. Improvements in technology have also served to improve training systems, sometimes assisted by machines designed for that purpose. A case in point is cycling. To date, a series of research has been carried out in wind tunnels with the aim of improving the posture on the bicycle, thus achieving perfect aerodynamics in which wind resistance is as low as possible.
Equipment. In certain sports categories, the athlete uses various instruments to carry out the activity, such as baseball bats or balls.
www.ecured.cu/index.php /Exercises_to_strengthen_the_Muscles
http://definicion.de/juegos-deportivos/
[a] Research Professor at the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo.